Q: What are the 2 main types of optical fiber?

主要有两类 光纤: 单模 和 多模 . “Mode” refers to a ray of light traveling down the fiber. Multimode (multiple rays of light) fiber is further classified as either graded-index or step-index. 的 index profile describes the way the multiple rays of light travel down the fiber. 在多模渐变折射率光纤中, 光沿着光纤沿正弦波方向传播，几乎同时到达光纤的末端. This type of 多模 fiber is used in short distance, 办公楼内或办公楼之间的数据通信网络. 在多模阶跃折射率光纤中, 多束光以一种随意的方式沿着光纤传播，每束光在不同的时间到达末端. 的se types of fibers are also used in short-distance, harsh industrial 和 aerospace environments to provide secure communications. 大芯多模阶跃折射率光纤可用于在手术室等场所传输激光能量, to clean graffiti from historical monuments 和 direct energy in military defense systems. Multimode fibers vary in core size from 50 to 2000 microns. 的y may be made from pure silica quartz, plastic or other materials. 单模光纤 is designed to allow only one ray of light to travel down its path. 的 single ray travels the length of the fiber in a step-index pattern. This type of fiber can carry very large amounts of data (e.g., hundreds of phone calls) over very long distances, 城市之间, 地区, 国家 和 continents when laid on the ocean floor.

Question 1

什么是光纤电缆?

Accepted Answer

A 光缆 contains anywhere from one to several hundred 光纤 within a plastic casing. 光纤电缆(或光纤电缆)以光的形式传输数据信号，传输距离从几英尺到数百英里不等，比传统铜缆中的信号快得多.

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Question 2

光缆是由什么制成的?

Accepted Answer

光纤电缆是由 玻璃纤维 that transmit light signals over shorth 和 long distances. 它们用于工业通信设置以及用于高速数据传输的电信网络. 它们还用于传输高功率激光能量，如用于外科手术的医疗激光器和军事激光防御系统.  在通信应用中, 光纤正在取代铜线，因为它们可以比铜线传输更多的信息，而且速度更快.

Question 3

What are the 2 main types of optical fiber?

Accepted Answer

主要有两类光纤: 单模和多模. “Mode” refers to a ray of light traveling down the fiber. Multimode (multiple rays of light) fiber is further classified as either graded-index or step-index. 的 index profile describes the way the multiple rays of light travel down the fiber. 在多模渐变折射率光纤中, 光沿着光纤沿正弦波方向传播，几乎同时到达光纤的末端. This type of 多模 fiber is used in short distance, 办公楼内或办公楼之间的数据通信网络. 在多模阶跃折射率光纤中, 多束光以一种随意的方式沿着光纤传播，每束光在不同的时间到达末端. 的se types of fibers are also used in short-distance, harsh industrial 和 aerospace environments to provide secure communications. 大芯多模阶跃折射率光纤可用于在手术室等场所传输激光能量, to clean graffiti from historical monuments 和 direct energy in military defense systems. Multimode fibers vary in core size from 50 to 2000 microns. 的y may be made from pure silica quartz, plastic or other materials.

单模光纤 is designed to allow only one ray of light to travel down its path. 的 single ray travels the length of the fiber in a step-index pattern. This type of fiber can carry very large amounts of data (e.g., hundreds of phone calls) over very long distances, 城市之间, 地区, 国家和 continents when laid on the ocean floor.

Question 4

What are the main types of 光缆s?

Accepted Answer

Fiber optic cables come in a various constructions depending on the end use. 它们的范围从单一结构(一根纤维外涂PVC或其他塑料)到由数百根纤维组成的电缆，这些纤维在管中分组，并绕着带有塑料外护套的中心强度构件绞合. Multimode fibers are usually constructed in simplex, 双工, 拉链设计，可以是紧缓冲或松管配置，包括从1到几个10的纤维. 单模光纤电缆结构更为复杂，可能包含数百根光纤.

的 cable construction for either type of optical fiber cable is there to provide protection to the optical fiber inside: Protection from excessive bending, 破碎, 艰苦的拉, 等. 的电缆外护套可以由各种塑料材料制成，从PVC到聚氨酯到聚乙烯等等.

Question 5

What are the main components of a 光缆?

Accepted Answer

的 number of components making up a 光缆 will vary depending on the end-use. Some designs are simple when applications are light-duty. 的 harsher the environment the 光缆 will be exposed to, 缆索结构越复杂. In simple terms, a 光缆 has 5 basic components:

1. 的 core of the optical fiber which may vary in size between 8 microns 和 2000 microns.

2. 的 cladding which is the layer that surrounds the core. This is usually silica 和 can sometimes be plastic.

3. 涂层. This is the outer layer of the optical fiber. It is extruded 和 may be colored for easy identification in multi-fiber cables.

4. 一个强度构件，它将提供额外的保护，防止破损/信号恶化.

5. An outer jacket to provide a final layer of protection for the optical fiber inside.

Question 6

How many fibers are in a 光缆?

Accepted Answer

的 number of fibers in a 光缆 is called “fiber count”.  Fiber count will vary depending on the application.  Today, it can range from one fiber up to about 1,000 fibers.  电缆制造商正在不断寻找增加光纤数量的方法，以适应不断增长的带宽需求.

Question 7

光缆会发热吗?

Accepted Answer

No. Fiber optics are not heated by the light they carry, 和 therefore do not emit heat or cause any other type of heating effect.

Question 8

What happens if 光缆 gets too hot?

Accepted Answer

Fiber optic cables can be damaged by heat.  如果电缆的温度超过了制造商推荐的储存和使用温度范围, the cable jacket will no longer protect the fiber inside which could lead to increase attenuation (signal weakening) 和 possible breakage of the fiber.

Question 9

Does cold weather affect 光缆?

Accepted Answer

Fiber optic cables are designed to operate in a wide range of temperatures. 的 manufacturer selects jacketing material based on the end-user’s environmental factors.  制造商将指定其生产的电缆的储存和工作温度范围.  Storage 和/or operating outside of the manufacturer’s temperature specification leads to failure of the optical fiber in terms of the jacket’s ability to protect the fiber 和 the fiber’s ability to carry a signal.

Question 10

What happens when 光缆 gets too cold?

Accepted Answer

Just like when a 光缆 fails when stored/operated above the maximum temperature recommended by the manufacturer, so too does it fail when stored/operated below the recommended low temperature.  Cable jacket failure may result leading to damage to the optical fiber inside the cable.  的 result is a loss of signal.

Question 11

What is so special about 光缆s?

Accepted Answer

光纤通过光子(光粒子)传输数据，而铜电缆则以电子方式传输数据. Data travels at the speed of light in fiber designed for long-distance networks. Data cannot travel as fast or as far in copper cables. 此外，与铜缆不同，光纤电缆不受EMI(电磁干扰)的影响。. 光纤电缆在当今社会中被广泛使用，因为它们提供了使物联网(IOT)成为可能所需的数据速度和带宽.

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Question 12

Why is 光缆 very popular?

Accepted Answer

光纤在电信和数据传输应用中普及的主要原因是它比铜线提供了许多优点. 这些包括:

1. Optical fiber has no electrical resistance, so there are no losses due to heat generated by current flow through the conductor;

2. 的 speed at which signals can be transmitted using optical fiber is much greater than with conventional conductors.

Question 13

Is 光缆 better than coaxial cable?

Accepted Answer

Coaxial cables are used for long-distance transmission of television 和 radio signals. Fiber optic cables are replacing coaxial cables in most applications because they provide much higher b和width, greater reliability, lower cost per bit, longer distances between repeaters, 和 more flexibility in installation.

Question 14

What is the main advantage of 光缆s over copper cables?

Accepted Answer

的 main advantages are:

1. 的 b和width capacity of a single str和 of optical fiber can be much greater than that of an equivalent length of coaxial cable, 和 it has no electrical interference problems associated with radio frequency signals.

2. Optical fibers have very low attenuation characteristics which makes them suitable for long-distance transmission applications.

Question 15

Which type of fiber cable is most widely used?

Accepted Answer

单模 光纤 account for the largest volume of optical fiber manufactured today.  单模光纤 optic cables link cities, 地区, 国家, continents.  的y are installed aerially, underground 和 on the ocean floors.

Question 16

你什么时候用光缆?

Accepted Answer

如果需要在远距离上传输大量数据，而损失很小，服务提供商就会安装光纤电缆.  需要在短距离内传输激光能量的OEM也将使用光纤.  Optical fiber would be the choice if avoidance of EMI is a key requirement.

Question 17

光缆贵吗?

Accepted Answer

In the early years, 光缆s were expensive compared to copper cables especially when you included the cost of installation 和 the active components required to general the light pulses (LED 和/or laser diodes).  Over the years pricing on fiber optic systems has significantly dropped where they many times compete head-to-head price-wise with more traditional copper installations.

Question 18

How far can a 光缆 be run?

Accepted Answer

的 length of 光缆 deployed can run from a few feet to thous和s of miles depending on the application.

Question 19

光缆如何安装?

Accepted Answer

根据所安装的光纤电缆的类型，制造商可以提供具体的安装方法.  的 installation of terrestrial 光缆s, for example, requires a great deal of skill 和 experience. 的 process may begin with the excavation, trenching or boring 和 installation of an underground conduit to provide access for the installer's equipment. 一旦这已经完成, 安装人员必须安装组成光学系统的各种组件:接头, 连接器, 等. 最后, once all these elements have been properly connected, they are tested to ensure proper operation.

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